6 Etruscan Cities to Visit near Tuscany

The Etruscan Civilization in Tuscany

The origin of the Etruscan people is shrouded in mystery, fueled by contrasting theories that suggest they came from Northern Europe, Asia Minor, or were even indigenous to Central Italy. Known as "Rasenna" in their own language, "Tyrrhenoi" by the Greeks, and "Tusci" by the Romans, the Etruscans formed a complex civilization marked by deep religious beliefs and a high level of cultural development.

Their influence spanned nearly eight centuries, from the 9th to the 1st century BC, leaving an indelible mark on the rising Roman power. Although the Etruscan civilization was largely absorbed by Rome, many of its traditions and cultural elements persisted and are still visible today throughout the Tuscan region.

1. Volterra

Volterra, once known to the Etruscans as Velathri, is a treasure trove of ancient history, preserving evidence of this fascinating civilization. The city's towering Etruscan walls and the impeccably preserved Porta all’Arco are iconic landmarks of its heritage. For those eager to explore Etruscan culture in greater depth, the Guarnacci Etruscan Museum is home to one of the world’s most extensive Etruscan collections. The museum showcases beautifully crafted cinerary urns and intricate sculptures that reflect the exceptional artistry and profound spirituality of the Etruscans.

2. Tarquinia and Cerveteri

The necropolises of Tarquinia and Cerveteri in Lazio, both recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, provide a remarkable window into the Etruscan world of the afterlife. In Tarquinia, the tombs are adorned with vivid frescoes that depict scenes of banquets, games, and religious rituals, reflecting an artistic evolution that had a lasting influence on Roman art. Cerveteri, with its Banditaccia Necropolis, is renowned for its tumulus tombs and hypogea, which strikingly replicate Etruscan homes, creating an evocative ‘city of the dead.’

3. Sovana

Sovana, a charming Etruscan village in Tuscan Maremma, is surrounded by necropolises and monumental tombs, with the grand Tomba Ildebranda standing as its crown jewel. Carved entirely into tuff stone, this architectural masterpiece features intricately sculpted columns and detailed relief decorations, making it one of the most admired Etruscan tombs in Tuscany.

4. Populonia and the Gulf of Baratti

Populonia, the only Etruscan city overlooking the sea, is perched along the stunning shores of the Gulf of Baratti. Renowned for its ironworking, this ancient coastal settlement was a significant industrial hub, home to metallurgical workshops and smelting furnaces. Today, the Baratti and Populonia Archaeological Park allows visitors to explore necropolises, ancient walls, and residential remains, all set against a breathtaking natural backdrop, with views stretching out to the island of Elba. 

5. Chiusi

Chiusi, known to the Etruscans as Clevsin, was one of the most important centers of their civilization. Among its key attractions is the renowned Tomba della Scimmia, famous for its vibrant frescoes depicting scenes of daily life. Another testament to Etruscan ingenuity is the underground labyrinth of Porsenna, a complex network of tunnels and cisterns used for the city's water supply. 

6. Cortona

Cortona, near Arezzo, was known to the Etruscans as Curtun. Today, the MAEC (Museum of the Etruscan Academy and the City of Cortona) houses an extraordinary collection of artifacts that reveal the town's glorious past. The burial mounds of Cortona demonstrate the Etruscans' deep connection with the natural landscape, a key feature of their architectural style.